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By Dr.P.M.Sharma 
Though various systems of wellness are there but they care only body and the mental behaviors, but they have not indulgence the mind and spirit. Sarcastically they contradict the presence of spirits. However the yoga is ample talented to provide the solutions that is why yoga is art of total wellness.
Numerous asanas are described in the yoga texts but here are we with the therapeutic values of pranayama.
Now question arises that what is pranayama exactly?
There are two words prana and yama, the prana means that vital force that keeps us alive and this force is supposed to be a cosmic or celestial power, yama means the control, therefore the pranayama is control of the vital force by meditation (A calm lengthy intent deliberation) and accurate and regular (In accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle) breathing through the yoga ways.
The nose is the gateway of the prana. This is the base of life comes and goes through the orifices of it.
||TASMIN SATI SHWASPRASHWASYOGARGATIRVIRCHHEDAH
PRANYAMAHA || (YOGA DARSHAN-chep.2/49)
Means to bring under control the breathing after staying contentedly on an asana is the pranayama.
The practice, which incorporates the control of Prana through the concentration of thought and regular breathing, is called as pranayama, it is through the pranayama that each part of the body can filled with the prana. Once one is capable to performing it, one is master of body and dominates illness and suffering. One can indeed acquire control on another person’s body.
The therapeutic uses of Pranayama:
The POORAKA (inhalation), KUMBHAKA (to hold the prana in the lungs) and RECHAKA (to exhale) are the three steps to compete one cycle of pranayama. KUMBHAKA is further classified in two types VAHIYE KUMBHAKA means the hold the prana out side the body and ANTAH KUMBHAKA is to hold the prana inside.
When the yogi achieve the mastery over the practicing of pranayama then –
TATAH KSHEEYATE PRAKASHAVARANAM
(YOGA DARSHAN-2/52)
The darkness of unknowingness removes from the wisdom and the intellect becomes enlightened. When prana enters in it brings not only the oxygen but it brings the divinity with it and yogi enters into the sixth phase of Ashtang yoga.
Types of pranayama and therapeutic values:
The whole system of pranayama gets completion after seven steps.
1. BHASTRIKA:
Use full in chronic Rhinitis, Asthma or bronchial allergies, sinusitis, thyroid problems etc.
Duration: three to five minutes per day at empty stomach and after getting fresh in morning.
2. KAPAL BHATI:
Use full in obesity, diabetes, acidity, prostate problems, and mental disorders, sever constipation, chronic Rhinitis, Asthma or bronchial allergies, sinusitis, and kidney problems etc.
Increase the glitters on the face, pamper the skin and augment the memory.
DURATION: three to five minutes per day at empty stomach and after getting fresh in morning. The back pain can appears but it will subside after a short period.
3. VAHIYE PRANAYAM or VAHIYE KUMBHAK:
It is helpful in sexual weakness and corrects the appetite as well as digestion.
DURATION: hold the breath according to capacity and repeat it three to twenty times.
4. ANULOM-VILOM PRANAYAM:
It is the most popular kind of pranayama because it is providing the emphatic results in those maladies, which are supposed to be incurable or surgically cured. It is helpful in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Parkisonism or cerebral palsy, allergies, and disorders related to immunity. This has been experienced many times that this kind of pranayama opened the blockages in heart and apart of this the triglycerides, L.D.L or H.D.L became healthy after regular practice of it. Psychologically it turns the negative thinking into positive thinking.
DURATION: start with five minutes and increase the capacity gradually up to half an hour.
5. BHRAMARY: This is accommodating in hypertension, stress and depression and good for meditation.
DURATION: five to ten minutes.
6. UJJAI:
It lends a hand for those who are suffering from insomnia, stress, indigestion, thyroidism, rehabilitating pranayama for tuberculosis patients, spleen disorders. It is an excellent exercise for singers because this pranayama augments the quality of voice.
DURATION: ten to twenty times.
7. SHEETALI:
It is very helpful in the tongue and throat illness.
DURATION: ten to fifteen times.
Never forget that before trying any yoga, it will always be better to obtain the appropriate instructions and training from a yoga expert otherwise it can be damaging to your health.
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J.A.Y. (journal of ayurveda and yoga)
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